The tradition of burial and ceremonial death in Dayak tribes set firmly in customary law. Diverse burial system in line with the long history of human arrival in Borneo (Kalimantan). Historically there are three burial culture in Borneo:
- Burial without a container and without provisions, with skeleton folded position.
- Burial in a stone coffin (dolmen)
- Burial with container wood, bamboo, or woven mats. This is the last burial system develops.
According to tradition Benuaq both places and burial forms are distinguished:
- container (crate) corpse -> not a coffin: Lungun, selokng and box
- containers of bone-beluang: tempelaaq and kererekng as well as jars.
Based on the placement of the container (cemetery) Tribe Benuaq:
- lubekng (where Lungun)
- Garai (Lungun place, selokng)
- gur (Lungun)
- tempelaaq and kererekng
In general, there are two stages of burial:
- burial of the first stage (primary)
- burial of the second stage (secondary).
Primary Burial
- Parepm Api (Dayak Benuaq)
- Kenyauw (Dayak Benuaq)
Secondary Burial
Secondary burials are no longer conducted in a cave. In the upper Bahau River and its branches in the District Pujungan, Malinau, East Kalimantan, found many graves jars which are relics of megalithic dolmen. Recent developments, using coffin burial (Lungun) were placed on top of a pole or in a small building with a position in the direction of the sunrise.
The Dayaks Ngaju burial recognize three ways, namely:
- buried in the soil
- placed in a large tree
- cremated in a ceremony Tiwah.
Secondary Burial Procession
- Tiwah is a secondary burial procession on Kaharingan adherents, as a symbol of the release of the spirits towards Lewu tatau (permanence of nature) conducted a year or several years after the first burial in the ground.
- Ijambe is a secondary burial procession on Dayak Maanyan. Rawhide is burned to ashes and placed in a container.
- Marabia
- Mambatur (Dayak Maanyan)
- KwangkaiWara (Benuaq)
source: wikipedia.org
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